A: Yes. The browser-based Eaglercraft version was practically made for Chromebooks. Just unzip the HTML file into your Linux container or open the local file in Chrome. Do not use the Google Play Store version (that's Bedrock, not 1.5.2).
So, open your browser, download that portable launcher, and punch your first tree. The redstone engineers of 2013 welcome you back. Unblocked Minecraft 1.5.2
A: Possibly. If you download a massive .exe file from a suspicious site, their antivirus will flag it. The safest method is Eaglercraft (it looks like a generic HTML5 game) or using an offline launcher from a USB stick that never touches the internal hard drive. A: Yes